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Barrett, M. E., Joe, G. W., & Simpson, D. D. (1990). Availability of drugs and psychological proneness in opioid addiction. International Journal of the Addictions, 25(10), 1211-1226.

Abstract: The role of drug availability and psychological proneness in opioid addiction was examined using longitudinal data from the Drug Abuse Reporting Program (DARP). The sample included 424 addicts who were followed up and interviewed approximately 12 years after admission to treatment in the DARP, and for whom admission, during-treatment, and 6-year follow-up data were also available. Drug availability and proneness were both found to be important for drug use at any given time – from initial stages of addiction as well as in Year 12 of the follow-up – but proneness was rated as relatively more important for opioid use in the later stages of the addiction career. Proneness measures contributed more to the prediction of long-term drug use outcomes.

Lehman, W. E. K., Barrett, M. E., & Simpson, D. D. (1990). Alcohol use by heroin addicts 12 years after drug abuse treatment. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 51(3), 233-244.

Abstract: Follow-up interviews on a sample of 298 ex-heroin addicts 12 years after they entered treatment were used to examine alcohol use and substitution of alcohol for heroin. Almost one-fourth of the sample were classified as heavy drinkers in Year 12, and half had previously used alcohol in a substitution pattern. Classifications into one of three substitution groups (none, low and high) and multivariate analysis of variance were carried out to identify background and baseline factors related to substitution and long-term behavioral outcomes 12 years after entering treatment. Substitution was found to be related to higher levels of alcohol problems and treatment before addiction, parental alcohol problems, to vulnerability to peer influence in starting drug use and to feelings of rejection by peers during adolescence. In terms of 12-year outcomes, substitution was related to more use of nonopioid drugs, more heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems and more psychological dysfunction symptoms (such as depression). These results showed a strong relationship between substitution and preaddiction as well as postaddiction alcohol abuse. However, to delineate the effects of substitution apart from the effects of previous alcohol abuse, additional analyses were computed in which substitution was examined after controlling for previous alcohol abuse. The results confirmed the validity of substitution as a powerful construct in identifying behavioral differences before and after addiction.

Menon, R., Barrett, M. E., & Simpson, D. D. (1990). School, peer group, and inhalant use among Mexican American adolescents. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 12(4), 408-421.

Abstract: Use of toxic inhalants has been identified as a special problem among Mexican American adolescents. This study focused on school and peer influences on inhalant use in a sample of 599 Mexican American youths admitted to drug abuse programs in Texas. Logit analyses showed that problems in school performance, school conduct, peer associations, and attitudes of the school-based peer group were significantly related to inhalant use. These findings are discussed in terms of educational policies and drug abuse prevention opportunities.

The contents of a 1990 monograph follows:

Simpson, D. D., & Sells, S. B. (Eds.). (1990). Opioid addiction and treatment: A 12-year follow-up. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing Co.

(1) Simpson, D. D., Joe, G. W., & Barrett, M. E. Introduction (pp. 1-24).

(2) Simpson, D. D. Research design and methods (pp. 25-53).

(3) Simpson, D. D. Longitudinal outcome patterns (pp. 55-71).

(4) Joe, G. W., Chastain, R. L., & Simpson, D. D. Reasons for addiction stages
(pp. 73-102).

(5) Joe, G. W., Chastain, R. L., & Simpson, D. D. Length of careers (pp. 103-119).

(6) Joe, G. W., Chastain, R. L., Marsh, K. L., & Simpson, D. D. Relapse
(pp. 121-136).

(7) Marsh, K. L., Joe, G. W., Simpson, D. D., & Lehman, W. E. K. Treatment history
(pp. 137-156).

(8) Lehman, W. E. K. & Simpson, D. D. Criminal involvement (pp. 157-176).

(9) Lehman, W. E. K. & Simpson, D. D. Alcohol use (pp. 177-192).

(10) Joe, G. W. & Simpson, D. D. Death rates and risk factors (pp. 193-202).

(11) Lehman, W. E. K. & Simpson, D. D. Predictions of 12-year outcomes
(pp. 203-220).

(12) Lehman, W. E. K., Joe, G. W., & Simpson, D. D. An integrative model
(pp. 221-237).

(13) Simpson, D. D. Final comments (pp. 239-252).

 

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